How do you get a string from a MemoryStream?
如果给我一个我知道已经被一个String填充的MemoryStream，我该如何把一个String退出？
此示例演示如何将字符串读写到MemoryStream。
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| Imports System.IO
Module Module1
Sub Main()
' We don't need to dispose any of the MemoryStream
' because it is a managed object. However, just for
' good practice, we'll close the MemoryStream.
Using ms As New MemoryStream
Dim sw As New StreamWriter(ms)
sw.WriteLine("Hello World")
' The string is currently stored in the
' StreamWriters buffer. Flushing the stream will
' force the string into the MemoryStream.
sw.Flush()
' If we dispose the StreamWriter now, it will close
' the BaseStream (which is our MemoryStream) which
' will prevent us from reading from our MemoryStream
'sw.Dispose()
' The StreamReader will read from the current
' position of the MemoryStream which is currently
' set at the end of the string we just wrote to it.
' We need to set the position to 0 in order to read
' from the beginning.
ms.Position = 0
Dim sr As New StreamReader(ms)
Dim myStr = sr.ReadToEnd()
Console.WriteLine(myStr)
' We can dispose our StreamWriter and StreamReader
' now, though this isn't necessary (they don't hold
' any resources open on their own).
sw.Dispose()
sr.Dispose()
End Using
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue.")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module |
号
您也可以使用
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| Encoding.ASCII.GetString(ms.ToArray()); |
我不认为这会降低效率，但我不能发誓。它还允许您选择不同的编码，而使用streamreader则必须将其指定为参数。
使用streamreader将memoryStream转换为字符串。
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| <Extension()> _
Public Function ReadAll(ByVal memStream As MemoryStream) As String
' Reset the stream otherwise you will just get an empty string.
' Remember the position so we can restore it later.
Dim pos = memStream.Position
memStream.Position = 0
Dim reader As New StreamReader(memStream)
Dim str = reader.ReadToEnd()
' Reset the position so that subsequent writes are correct.
memStream.Position = pos
Return str
End Function |
使用streamreader，然后可以使用返回字符串的readtoend方法。
以前的解决方案在涉及编码的情况下不起作用。这里有一个"现实生活"的例子，如何正确地做到这一点…
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| using(var stream = new System.IO.MemoryStream())
{
var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(IEnumerable<ExportData>), new[]{typeof(ExportData)}, Int32.MaxValue, true, null, false);
serializer.WriteObject(stream, model);
var jsonString = Encoding.Default.GetString((stream.ToArray()));
} |
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| byte[] array = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("MyTest1 - MyTest2");
MemoryStream streamItem = new MemoryStream(array);
// convert to string
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(streamItem);
string text = reader.ReadToEnd(); |
在这种情况下，如果您真的想用一种简单的方法在MemoryStream中使用ReadToEnd方法，可以使用这个扩展方法来实现：
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| public static class SetExtensions
{
public static string ReadToEnd(this MemoryStream BASE)
{
BASE.Position = 0;
StreamReader R = new StreamReader(BASE);
return R.ReadToEnd();
}
} |
。 你可以这样使用这个方法：
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| using (MemoryStream m = new MemoryStream())
{
//for example i want to serialize an object into MemoryStream
//I want to use XmlSeralizer
XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(_yourVariable.GetType());
xs.Serialize(m, _yourVariable);
//the easy way to use ReadToEnd method in MemoryStream
MessageBox.Show(m.ReadToEnd());
} |
。
此示例演示如何从memoryStream读取字符串，其中我使用了序列化(使用DataContractJSonSerializer)，将字符串从某个服务器传递到客户端，然后，如何从作为参数传递的字符串恢复memoryStream，然后反序列化memoryStream。 我使用了不同职位的一部分来执行这个示例。 希望这有帮助。
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| using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
using System.Threading;
namespace JsonSample
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var phones = new List<Phone>
{
new Phone { Type = PhoneTypes.Home, Number ="28736127" },
new Phone { Type = PhoneTypes.Movil, Number ="842736487" }
};
var p = new Person { Id = 1, Name ="Person 1", BirthDate = DateTime.Now, Phones = phones };
Console.WriteLine("New object 'Person' in the server side:");
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Id: {0}, Name: {1}, Birthday: {2}.", p.Id, p.Name, p.BirthDate.ToShortDateString()));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Phone: {0} {1}", p.Phones[0].Type.ToString(), p.Phones[0].Number));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Phone: {0} {1}", p.Phones[1].Type.ToString(), p.Phones[1].Number));
Console.Write(Environment.NewLine);
Thread.Sleep(2000);
var stream1 = new MemoryStream();
var ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Person));
ser.WriteObject(stream1, p);
stream1.Position = 0;
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream1);
Console.Write("JSON form of Person object:");
Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd());
Console.Write(Environment.NewLine);
Thread.Sleep(2000);
var f = GetStringFromMemoryStream(stream1);
Console.Write(Environment.NewLine);
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("Passing string parameter from server to client...");
Console.Write(Environment.NewLine);
Thread.Sleep(2000);
var g = GetMemoryStreamFromString(f);
g.Position = 0;
var ser2 = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Person));
var p2 = (Person)ser2.ReadObject(g);
Console.Write(Environment.NewLine);
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("New object 'Person' arrived to the client:");
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Id: {0}, Name: {1}, Birthday: {2}.", p2.Id, p2.Name, p2.BirthDate.ToShortDateString()));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Phone: {0} {1}", p2.Phones[0].Type.ToString(), p2.Phones[0].Number));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Phone: {0} {1}", p2.Phones[1].Type.ToString(), p2.Phones[1].Number));
Console.Read();
}
private static MemoryStream GetMemoryStreamFromString(string s)
{
var stream = new MemoryStream();
var sw = new StreamWriter(stream);
sw.Write(s);
sw.Flush();
stream.Position = 0;
return stream;
}
private static string GetStringFromMemoryStream(MemoryStream ms)
{
ms.Position = 0;
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(ms))
{
return sr.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
[DataContract]
internal class Person
{
[DataMember]
public int Id { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public string Name { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public List<Phone> Phones { get; set; }
}
[DataContract]
internal class Phone
{
[DataMember]
public PhoneTypes Type { get; set; }
[DataMember]
public string Number { get; set; }
}
internal enum PhoneTypes
{
Home = 1,
Movil = 2
}
} |
。
为什么不在memoryStream类型上创建一个好的扩展方法呢？
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| public static class MemoryStreamExtensions
{
static object streamLock = new object();
public static void WriteLine(this MemoryStream stream, string text, bool flush)
{
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text + Environment.NewLine);
lock (streamLock)
{
stream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
if (flush)
{
stream.Flush();
}
}
}
public static void WriteLine(this MemoryStream stream, string formatString, bool flush, params string[] strings)
{
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(String.Format(formatString, strings) + Environment.NewLine);
lock (streamLock)
{
stream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
if (flush)
{
stream.Flush();
}
}
}
public static void WriteToConsole(this MemoryStream stream)
{
lock (streamLock)
{
long temporary = stream.Position;
stream.Position = 0;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8, false, 0x1000, true))
{
string text = reader.ReadToEnd();
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(text))
{
Console.WriteLine(text);
}
}
stream.Position = temporary;
}
}
} |
当然，在将这些方法与标准方法结合使用时要小心。：)。
Brian答案的一个稍微修改过的版本允许可选的读启动管理，这似乎是最简单的方法。可能不是最有效的，但易于理解和使用。
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| Public Function ReadAll(ByVal memStream As MemoryStream, Optional ByVal startPos As Integer = 0) As String
' reset the stream or we'll get an empty string returned
' remember the position so we can restore it later
Dim Pos = memStream.Position
memStream.Position = startPos
Dim reader As New StreamReader(memStream)
Dim str = reader.ReadToEnd()
' reset the position so that subsequent writes are correct
memStream.Position = Pos
Return str
End Function |
。
|
